At the end of 2021, Kuban Karbovanets (karbo.top) finally switched to a new extraction algorithm that allows you to extract Carbo on a regular PC. The algorithm, which most likely has no analogues, was developed as a result of cooperation between Kubanians and foreign specialists.

According to the developers, they came to the opinion that gradual small changes in the algorithm will not protect for a long time from ASIC(industrial mining equipment) and other threats, so they decided to make several major drastic changes at the same time.

The result is an unusual mining algorithm that works only in solo mode and only on the processor.

Algorithm objectives

Let's make a small excursion into history and remember what goals Satoshi Nakamoto set for himself when creating Bitcoin.

• Internet money.
• Decentralized (including decentralized production).
• Not state control.
• Privacy.
• Lack of censorship.

13 years after the launch of Bitcoin, the question on all these points, perhaps, except the third is even to bitcoin itself. Some things Bitcoin was not destined to implement because of the peculiarities of the protocol (transparent blockchain), or because Bitcoin was the first and did not have the opportunity to learn from the mistakes of others. Some things Satoshi simply did not have time to implement, leaving Bitcoin back in 2010. For example, he was very interested in ring signatures to increase privacy, which are now used in Karbo.

This is by no means a hint that something is wrong with Bitcoin, but due to historical features that will never be changed, some of Satoshi's original goals of reaching Bitcoin are not being judged.

What things karbovanets developers wanted to add or improve with the new algorithm:

• Increase the number of nodes on the network that would independently check the blockchain.
• Get rid of mining pools, switch to solo extraction and significantly increase the decentralization of mining.
• If possible, complicate or completely prevent mining on ASIC-s and video cards.
• Prevent the appearance of botnets.
• Go to your own unique algorithm to prevent hashrite attacks. It is impossible to rent a unique algorithm on services like Nicehash and use hires to attack the network.
• Protect yourself from raids by "nomadic" miners switching to coins with little complexity, and as soon as it grows, they switch to another coin, leaving regular miners with the problem of overpowering of high complexity. This is possible when the same algorithm is used by several coins.
• Counteract such a phenomenon as merged mining (mining of several coins at the same time).

If you go back to Nakamoto's points, the privacy and ability to use the tool as Internet money was already in Karbovanets at a good level, thanks to ring signatures and low fees, which are hundreds of times less than bitcoin. And thanks to the latest update, decentralization has been further improved and the possibility of censorship of transactions has been reduced.

Features of the new Karbovanets algorithm

The peculiarities of the algorithm flow from a very simple idea - to protect the Karbovanets network and at the same time, as realistically possible, to achieve egalitarian mining, or at least move towards it.

The idea of egalitarian mining is also very simple. 1 CPU = 1 vote. Everyone should be able to participate in the PoW (proof of work) mechanism, which is analogous to the voting system. Consequently, each participant, not just the owners of the most expensive processors, farms, or botnets, should have the right to vote.

That is why some mechanisms that make life difficult for server processors, botnets, and farms have been proposed and implemented in Karbovanka.

Pure solo mining in your wallet

In the vast majority of coins, miners as clients join the server (pool), and send the results of local calculations to it. In this case, miners do not have their own copy of the blockchain.

Calculations that are required for the extraction of Karbovanets require the presence of a blockchain locally. Having a blockchain, the miner turns into another node of the network, and therefore additionally checks transactions, thereby strengthening the protection of the network. The more users independently check transactions, the better for the network.

It is impractical to receive the necessary data from a blockchain located on a remote server due to very large delays that run up with thousands of consecutive requests per second. Therefore, pools with the Carbo algorithm, if theoretically possible, do not make sense.

It should also be mentioned that in the presence of pools, 51% of the network power is concentrated in only a few pools, usually no more than five, which are controlled by a very small group of people. In such circumstances, it is easier to coordinate attacks on the blockchain: choose the "right" branch of the blockchain or censor transactions.

Hashing algorithm

The modified algorithm is based on yespower with blake-256, runs exclusively on CPU and prevents ripping on video cards and ASIC. The miner for this algorithm is only in Karbovanets' wallet, and is not available in any other third-party software.

The algorithm is very intense, which to some extent also weeds out the owners of powerful server processors (20+ cores), because it heats them very much when calculating on all threads.

Signed Proof-of-Work (SPoW)

SPoW requires the miner to sign the found block with the key to his own wallet, which prevents the creation of pools for mining, since users will not want to transfer private keys to the pool owner. With these keys, it is possible to spend all coins on wallets.

It also prevents mining on other people's and office PCs, because anyone who has access to the same PC, has access to keys, or to an "unlocked" wallet, so they can pick up coins for themselves.

BloDHA – Blockchain-dependent Hash

In the first version of the algorithm there was a component of BloDHA, in free translation – dependence on the blockchain. This component was a strategically installed bottle throat, which prevented processors from continuously making calculations. They were constantly interrupted in order to obtain new pseudo-random data from the blockchain.

BloDHA required an SSD and a relatively large amount of RAM for its operation. But the first tests of the algorithm in real conditions showed that this mechanism can be partially bypassed now, and almost completely bypassed in the future if you caching the necessary blockchain data.

Therefore, a few days after the launch of the algorithm, an optimization update was released. BloDHA Lite has learned to cache the necessary block headers in RAM. This immediately removed the requirement for the presence of SSDs, reduced the requirements for the volume of RAM, allowed the use of the processor by 100%, and increased the hashrate on all processors.

Settings

Despite all the changes and obstacles for "industrial" miners in the new Karbovanets algorithm, for an ordinary user its settings are trivial. Need:

• Download the latest version of the graphics wallet for your OS (at the top of the page).
• Launch the application and wait for it to fully synchronize (download and check the entire blockchain). It can take several hours, and depends on the iron.
• Open the Coinage tab and press the Start Coinage button.

After that, the extraction of Karbovanets will begin. We will give some tips on optimal configuration, as well as solving common problems.

• The chasing tab indicates the number of active kernades. Putting this indicator to the maximum does not always make sense. After a certain number of nuclei, the growth of hashrate begins to slow down.
• The number of minted carbos per month can be roughly calculated here.
• If you previously used Karbovanets wallet and set it up for a distant demon (in the lower right corner of the wallet there will be a cloud icon), then the "Chasing" button will be inactive. In order to activate it, you need to select "Built-in node" in the Settings -> Connection, restart the wallet and wait for full synchronization.
• Some antiviruses react incorrectly to programs with a built-in miner, so in rare cases they may block them. In virustotal.com, you can check that the reason for the lock is the presence of the miner. Interestingly, in the case of Karbovanets, false operation is a tribute to history, because antiviruses according to the old habit have been "found" for three years as an old miner removed in his wallet. It is on the new miner antiviruses do not respond.
• Sometimes when you turn off your wallet, the "Karbo Wallet Records Data" window hangs on the screen. If it does not disappear for at least 30 seconds, then most likely the wallet was simply unsuccessfully closed during some operation. You can safely shoot the Karbo process through task manager.

For advanced users, there is a mining instruction through the console version of Karbovanets. By itself, it works no faster than graphics, but can be useful, for example, on Linux.

And with this instruction, you can experiment with ripping on Android, although this should be done only for sports interest.

If you have other questions, then you can discuss them in the Telegram group Karbo Mining.

Phone replenishment

Phone replenishment can be carried out on the karbo.top. You need to specify the phone number and the amount of replenishment. When transferring Carbo, do not forget to specify the transfer ID (Payment ID). Also note that due to the peculiarities of the payment gateway, the numbers that once belonged to MTS (050, 066, etc.) are processed at a separate rate. It does not depend on the karbo.top, but occurs on the side of the payment gateway.

Conclusion

Developers, as far as possible, are trying to return karbovanets extraction to conventional computers, preventing mining on pools, farms and ASIC-s. Updated mining does not require expensive iron, and with varying success works even on ordinary PCs. Its settings are also very simple, no command lines or configuration files. All settings are reduced to selecting the number of cores, and pressing the Coinage button in your wallet.

As one of karbovanets users commented, for him a new extraction algorithm is an analogue of digital fishing. Setting up a PC and eventually catching an award-winning block in the form of a few Rubles really resembles a hobby that many users like, especially those who are passionate about computers. Contact Karbo Mining